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5:00Chargebacks and Disputes: The Reversal Machinery Nobody Sees
You click "dispute" in your banking app and the money reappears in days. Behind that click, four parties fight a multi-round contest with deadlines, evidence files and a court of last resort — and the merchant usually never meets you.
A chargeback is the card networks' built-in *reverse gear*: a way for your bank (the issuer) to forcibly pull money back from the merchant's bank (the acquirer) after a payment has already settled. Crucially it is not a legal right — it is a private rule set that Visa and Mastercard run, which is why the networks, not a court, write the deadlines and decide most outcomes. (In the UK this sits *alongside* the statutory Section 75 protection, which only covers credit-card purchases between £100 and £30,000.)
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